Machine for drilling, shaping, and polishing diamond dies



Aug. 11, 1942. A. SIMONS 2,292,550 MACHINE FOR DRILLING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING DIAMOND DIES I Filed Aug. 2, 1941 ZSheets-Sheetl iliiimul 1223 -1 INVENTOR ARON Suva/vs ATTORNE Aug. 11,' 1942. A, i S 2,292,550

MKCHINE FOR DRILLING, SHAPING, AND'POLISHING DIAMOND DIES I Filed Aug. 2, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTQR AARON 3/M0/vs Y as Y W ATTORNE Patented Aug. 11, 1942 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE FOR DRILLING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING DIAMOND DIES Aaron Simons, Bronx, N. Y.

Application August 2, 1941, Serial No. 405,273

20 Claims.

adjustably supporting, cutting and polishing tools axially above the die holders or dies supported therein, and further to the provision of a common drive means between the die holder and tool for rotating the die and tool in opposite directions with respect to each other; a further object being to provide a machine of the character described wherein the die holders are swung about a pivot disposed at one side of the tool thereby moving the holders and the dies supported thereon in an arcuate path with respect to the axis of the tools, thereby producing in the resulting die a substantially arcuate or toric curvature to the wall of the passage therethrough; a further object being to provide means tensionally supporting the tool against one wall of the die passage to provide a constant bearing thereon, which together with the reciprocation of the die holder and rotation of the holder and tool, maintains the pointed end of the tool sharp at all times; and with these and other objects in view, the invention consists in a novel method of polishing and cutting dies as more fully hereinafter described.

lhe invention is fully disclosed in the follow; ing specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts of my invention are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views; and in which:

Fig. 1 is a side and sectional view of a machine made according to my invention with parts of the construction broken away.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine as seen in Fig. 1 showing the central portion of the machine broken away.

A Fig. 3 is a front and sectional view of one end portion of the machine.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective and sectional view slfowing one of a number of tool holders employed and illustrating the method of mounting the same.

Fig. 7 is a sectional .view through a drilled diamond die used as a workpiece in the machine.

Fig. 8 is .a view similar to Fig. '7, showing the result of the shaping and polishing of the die; and,

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic View illustrating two extreme positions of travel of the workpiece with respect to the tool.

It is the purpose of my invention to provide a machine for performing the finished drilling operations on drawing dies; that is to say, in opening the passage through the dies so as to more positively control and regulate the accurate formation of the size of this passage and also producing the desired shape or contour of the admission or entrance passage of the die, while at the same time polishing the surfaces of the die to produce highly efilcient drawing dies for the purpose of drawing wire and other strand material.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown one adaptation of theinvention, andthese drawings l0 represents the frame of the machine, the frame having end plates II at the rear of which is supported a drive shaft 12 driven from an electric motor I3 disposed within the frame through a belt or similar drive 14. Passing around a pulley IE on the motor shaft is a pulley I 6 on the drive shaft.

Arranged forwardly of the shaft I2 is a supplemental drive shaft ll driven from the shaft I2 by a gear I8 thereon meshing with a corresponding gear IS on the shaft ll, so that both shafts are rotated at the same speed. Arranged at the front of the machine beneath an elongated and forwardly projecting'table 28 is a cam shaft 2| driven from the shaft I1 by a belt 22 engaging a variable size pulley 23 on the shaft I1 and a corresponding but reversely arranged pulley 24 on the shaft 2|, so that the speed of drive of the cam shaft may be increased or decreased at will.

At the rear of the table l2 and extending 1ongitudinally of the front of the machine is arranged a pair of spaced parallel frame rails 25 within and between which are swingably supported a plurality of longitudinally spaced brackets 26. pivoted as seen at 21. As each bracket is of the same construction, the brief descriptzignM one will apply to all. In the accomp ying drawings, part flhesebraclfiis shown in Figs. 2 andi but both of these figures are broken F 5 is an enlarged Sectional lgfn part ""away to eliminate unnecessary duplication of of the structure as seenjnEigf-3z Fig. 6 is a plan *view'of the structure as seen in Figt 5with partbroken away.

tion 28 projecting at one side thereof forming bearings for the shaft or spindle 29 of a die supporting plate or disc 30 and below the channel portion 23 is a correspondingly projecting flange 3| supporting an adjustable screw 32 regulating the tension of a spring 33 bearing upon a seat 34 which engages the lower rounded end of the spindle 29. It will thus be seen that a die 35 supported upon the upper surface of the disc 30 can yield downwardly against the tension of the spring 33 in the operation of a drilling and polishing tool 36 upon a diamond 31 supported within the die structure 35.

Arranged on the shaft or spindle 29 within the channel 28 is a pulley 38 driven by a belt 39 so as to rotate the die support 38, including the die, the belt 33 passing around a large pulley 48 on the drive shaft I2, also around a pulley 4| of the same diameter as the pulley 38 and secured to a tool supporting spindle 42. This belt also then passes around another large pulley 43 similar in diameter to the pulley 40 secured to the shaft 11, from which it returns to the pulley 38. In other words, one continuous belt passes around each unit area of pulleys 40-43, and 38-4l, as will clearly appear from a consideration of Fig. 2 of the drawings. With this construction the drilling and polishing tool 38 will be rotated at the same speed as the speed of rotation of the die, I,

but in a direction opposite to that of the rotation of the die. This arrangement is advantageous first from the standpoint that the resulting action of the tool upon the diamond is equal to twice the speed of the initial drive, and further, compounds as used in the drilling and polishing of the diamond 31 will be retained against displacement from the diamond, particularly so prior to the time at which the diamond passage is fully opened.

Joining the plates or rails intermediate the brackets 26 are cross bars 44 which serve to reinforce and space the said rails; and to these cross bars are secured at one end coil springs 45 which are also coupled to lower end portions of the bracket 25 as seen at 46 to support the bearing pins or buttons 4'! at the lower ends of the brackets in constant engagement with adjustable ring cams 48 pivoted to supports 49 arranged on the cam shaft 2|, the pivots being seen at 58. The supports 49 have flange portions 5| in which adjustable screws 52 and 53 are arranged, on opposed sides of the support, as clearly seen in Fig. l, and in positions to engage the ring cams 48 at right angles to the pivots of these cams on the support. The purpose of the screws 52 is to adjust the angularity of the cams 48 in controlling oscillating or reciprocating movement imparted to the brackets 26 as they swing upon the pivots 2! in correspondingly reciprocating the dies through an arc-shaped path. By virtue of this adjustment, the degree and contour of the curvature in the resulting passage 31a, formed in the diamond 31, note Fig. 8, will be determined.

Arranged directly above the pair of rails 25 is another pair of rails 54, in which are supported, directly above the die supporting plates or discs 30, tool supporting blocks 55 pivoted to the rails 54 as seen at 56, note Fig. 4 of the drawings. The blocks 55 are rectangular in form and thus keyed against rotation between the rails 54, and in these blocks are vertically adjustable bearing sleeves 51 having at their upper ends enlarged milled heads 58 by means of which the position of the tools 36 with respect to the diamond 31 of the dies must be adjusted from time to time. In other words, in originally drilling and polishing a diamond, the sleeves will be raised in the blocks 55 and as the diamond is drilled and as the polishing continues, these sleeves 51 are gradually lowered bringing the pointed ends 3611 of the tools in closer relationship with the diamond operated upon.

The pulleys 4| which are arranged at the upper ends of the tool supporting spindles rest by gravity upon upper surfaces of the milled heads 48, so that it is simply the weight of the tool plus the spindle and the pulley which operates upon the diamond, or which resist the upward thrust of the diamond in its rotary reciprocating or oscillating movement.

It will also be apparent that this construction provides a very simple means for removing and reinserting a tool. Between the rails 55 are disposed a series of supporting plates or members 59, each supporting at its lower end an adjustable screw 68 adapted to bear against the lower and flared end of a flat spring 6 i, secured to one side of each block 55, the purpose of which is to tensionally maintain the tool 36 in constant engagement with the wall of the passage while at the same time compensating to a degree for the rotary oscillating or reciprocating movement which is imparted to the die.

An adjustable stop screw 62 is also provided to limit swinging movement of the block 55 in one direction. In the preferred operation of the machine it is so regulated and adjusted as to limit the upward swinging movement of the die to a position slightly above horizontal. For illustrative purposes three different positions of the dies and their supporting and operating brackets are shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the one to the left being shown in the horizontal position, the one to the right at the extreme of its downward swinging position, and the intermediate unit being shown at to both of the other named positions. At this time it is also well to mention that each unit operates independently of the other, and from this standpoint the position of the tool 36 or its supporting sleeve 51 may vary with that of other units.

The rails 25 are apertured as seen at 63 in alinement with the pulleys 38 to allow for the passage of the belt 39 through one of the rails and to provide for the free action of the pulleys, sufiicient clearance being also provided to compensate for the slight vertical reciprocating motion that is imparted to the die in engaging the tool.

In Fig. 7 of the drawings I have indicated at 31b the partially drilled or unfinished diamond Where the passage through the diamond is still closed as seen at 64. It is preferred that in originally producing finished diamond dies that this type of partially drilled or rough drilled die be used in the machine in order that the passage at the closed point or section 64 may be properly and accurately opened, and at the same time the finished contour given to the die passage 31a can be produced and the walls of the passage polished to produce a finished die product.

In addition to the foregoing procedure the machine will also be extremely useful in recutting or repolishing drawing dies in order to provide new polished and finished surfaces thereon, in which latter instance, the size of the restricted passage of the die is naturally increased. In the different uses of the machine, the cams 48 will be adjusted to give the desired throw or swing to the dies, and other adjustments made accordingly in the machine, but in all instances, the contour of the passage in the finished die will be of substantially toric or arcuate curvature.

In Fig. 9 of the drawings is diagrammatically illustrated two extreme positions of travel of the die 31 including the holder 35 with respect to the tool 36 in the swinging of the holder 35 upon the axis 21. This axis is arranged normally in substantially a common horizontal position with the center of the diamond 31, when the holder 35 is in horizontal position. Thus it will be seen that the holder including the diamond 3"! swings on the axis 21 in an arcuate path; whereas the tool 36 maintains a perpendicular position bearing always against one wall of the passage 31a through the die. This arrangement and mode of operation forms on the lower end 36a of the tool a curved workpiece engaging end having a sharp point; and this point is constantly maintained sharp by the action of the workpiece thereon. In other words, the curved end of the tool will more or less conform to the resulting curvature formed in the wall structure of the resulting die, particularly at the entrance side of the die. This curvature will extend slightly beyond the center of the die by reason of the fact that the die in its upward movement passes slightly beyond the horizontal plane. As has been stated, the degree of accurate movement of the workpiece with respect to the tool can be controlled and regulated by adjustment ofthe actuating cam.

One other feature of my present machine resides in the fact that the dulling or balling of the pointed end 36a of the tool 38 is obviated in that this tool is constantly being resharpened due to the cooperative action between the swinging scillatory movement of the die and the tiltable movement of the tool, which has a tendency to constantly and tensionally bear upon the wall of the die passage thus producing a resharpening operation upon the pointed end of the tool. It will, of course, be apparent that my improved machine may operate upon workpieces of any type or kind in performing drilling, shaping and polishing operations, and particularly in the production of and polishing of curved surfaces within a body of any type or kind. It will also be apparent that the size and characteristics of the tools may be varied to suit difierent types and sizes of workpieces in caring for the diiferent uses of the machine.

It will appear" from the consideration of the general machine structure that a very simple and economical type of machine is employed, and one wherein all of the operating parts are compactly disposed substantially within the boundary limits of the frame. The fact that many of the parts are duplicated simplifies and economizes greatly in the cost of producing the entire machine.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A machine for forming and polishing dies comprising a die supporting unit, a tool supporting unit disposed in axial alinement with said die unit, means imparting rotary reciprocating movement to the die supporting unit toward and from the tool supporting unit, and means yieldably mounting the tool supporting unit to compensate for the rotary reciprocating movement of the die unit in the operative engagement of a tool with a die.

2. A die shaping and polishing machine comprising a die supporting member, means reciprocating said member in an arcuate path, a tool supporting part arranged in alinement with said member to support a tool axially of a die supported on said member, means adjustably and yieldably supporting the tool with respect to said member, and means yieldably supporting a die in said member to yield to the pressure engagement of the tool with said die.

3. A die shaping and polishing machine comprising a die supporting member, means reciprocating said member in an arcuate path, a tool supporting part arranged in alinement with said member to support a tool axially of a die supported on said member, means adjustably and yieldably supporting the tool with respect to said member, means yieldably supporting a die in said member to yield to the pressure engagement of the tool with said die, and said last named means being adjustable.

4. A die shaping and polishing machine comprising a die supporting member, means reciprocating said member in an arcuate path, a tool supporting part arranged in alinement with said member to support a tool axially of a die supported on said member, means adjustably and yieldably supporting the tool with respect to said member, means yieldably supporting a die in said member to yield to the pressure engagement of the tool with said die, and said first named means being adjustable to vary the extent of reciprocatory movement imparted to said member.

5. A die shaping and polishing machine comprising a die supporting member, means reciprocating said member in an arcuate path, a tool supporting part arranged in alinement with said member to support a tool axially of a die supported on said member, means adjustably and yieldably supporting the tool with respect to said member, means yieldably supporting a die in said member to yield to the pressure engagement of the tool with said die, and means rotating the die supporting member and tool supporting part in opposite directions to each other.

6. A die shaping and polishing machine comprising a die supporting member, means reciprocating said member in an arcuate path, a tool supporting part arranged in alinement with said member to support a tool axially of a die supported on said member, means adjustably and yieldably supporting the tool with respect to said member, means yieldably supporting a die in said member to yield to the pressure engagement of the tool with said die, means rotating the die supporting member and tool supporting part in opposite directions to each other, and at the same speed. I

7. A machine of the character described comprising a swinging workpiece supporting member,

a tool supporting part adjustable toward and from said member in controlling engagement of a tool arranged in said part with a workpiece supported on said member, means imparting reciprocating movement to said member in moving the workpiece toward and from said tool in an arcuate path, and means for rotating the workpiece and the tool at the same speeds in opposite directions to each other.

8. A machine of the character described comprising a swinging workpiece supporting member, a tool supporting part adjustable toward and from said member in controlling engagement of a tool arranged in said part with a workpiece supported on said member, means imparting re,- ciprocating movement to said member in moving the workpiece toward and from said tool in an arcuate path, means for rotating the workpiece and the tool at the same speeds in opposite directions to each other, and means providing yielding movement of the workpiece with respect to said tool.

9. A machine of the character described comprising a swinging workpiece supporting member, a tool supporting part adjustable toward and from said member in controlling engagement of a tool arranged in said part with a workpiece supported on said member, means imparting rej ciprocating movement to said member in moving the workpiece toward and from said tool in an arcuate path, means for rotating the workpiece and the tool at the same speeds in opposite directions to each other, means providing yielding movement of the workpiece with respect to said tool, and means providing swinging movement of the tool in its support to compensate for reciprocating movement of the workpiece.

10. A machine of the character described comprising a swinging workpiece supporting member, a tool supporting part adjustable toward and from said member in controlling engagement of a tool arranged in said part with a workpiece supported on said member, means imparting reciprocating movement to said member in movin the workpiece toward and from said tool in an arcuate path, means for rotating the workpiece and the tool at the same speeds in opposite directions to each other, means providing yielding movement of the workpiece with respect to said tool, means providing swinging movement of the tool in its support to compensate for reciprocating movement of the workpiece, and means yieldably supporting the tool in engagement with the workpiece.

' 11. In a machine of the character described a tool supporting member, means pivotally mounting said member, a sleeve adjustable longitudinally of the member, a tool element rotatable in said sleeve and freely movable longitudinally thereof, means limiting the movement of said element in one direction in said sleeve, and means limiting swinging movement of said member in one direction.

12. In a machine of the character described a tool supporting member, means pivotally mounting said member, a sleeve adjustable longitudinally of the member, a tool element rotatable in said sleeve and freely movable longitudinally thereof, means limiting the movement of said element in one dirrection in said sleeve, means limiting swinging movement of said member in one direction, yieldable means for controlling swinging movement of said member in the opposite direction, and adjustable means controlling said last named means.

13.In a machine of the character described a workpiece supporting and operating unit, means pivotally supporting said unit, an adjustable cam engaging said unit to reciprocate the same on said pivot, a workpiece supporting part rotatably mounted in said unit, and means yieldably supporting said part in said unit.

14. In a machine of the character described the combination with a reciprocating workpiece supporting element of a tool supporting and operating member, said member having a tool supporting part adapted to support a tool in the path of reciprocating movement imparted to said workpiece supporting element to engage a workpiece supported thereby, means for rotating said part in said member, means adjustable in said member and cooperating with said part to limit the movement thereof in the direction of said unit, and means yieldably supporting said member to compensate for movement of said workpiece supporting unit.

15. In a machine of the character described the combination with a rotatable and yieldable tool supporting part, of a reciprocating workpiece supporting unit, means involving an adjustable cam for reciprocating said unit, and a workpiece supporting element rotatably and yieldably mounted in said unit in the reciprocating movement of a workpiece supported on said element toward and from a tool on said tool supporting part.

16. A machine of the character described comprising a plurality of pivoted workpiece supporting units arranged and spaced longitudinally of the machine, a corresponding number of tool supporting units arranged in alignment with said first named units, the first units each having a workpiece supporting part and the second units each having a tool supporting part, a common drive for both parts of each pair of units to rotate said parts at the same speed in opposite directions to each other, a cam shaft extending longitudinally of the first named unit, a plurality of individually adjustable cams on said shaft cooperating with the first named units to reciprocate the units on their pivots, and means yieldably and adjustably mounting the tool supporting parts of the second named units in controlling engagement of tools arranged in said parts with workpieces on the workpiece supporting parts.

17. A machine of the character described comprising a plurality of pivoted workpiece supporting units arranged and spaced longitudinally of the machine, a corresponding number of tool supporting units arranged in alinement with said first named unit, the first units each having a workpiece supporting part and the second units each having a tool supporting part, a common drive for both parts of each pair of units to rotate said parts at the same speed in opposite directions to each other, a cam shaft extending longitudinally of the first named unit, a plurality of individually adjustable cams on said shaft cooperating with the first named units to reciprocate the units on their pivots, means yieldably and adjustably mounting the tool supporting parts of the second named units in controlling engagement of tools arranged in said parts with workpieces on the workpiece supporting parts, and means providing variable drive of the cam shaft in regulating the speed of reciprocation of said workpiece supporting units.

18. A machine for drilling and polishing bores or passages of predetermined workpieces comprising means supporting the workpiece to reciprocate at a predetermined speed in the machine, means adjustably supporting a tool in the path of movement of a workpiece supported on said first named means, means providing yielding movement between the tool and workpiece in the movement thereof toward and from each other, and means providing lateral tilting movement of the tool in compensating for the reciprocating movement of said workpiece,

19. A machine for drilling and polishing bores or passages of predetermined workpieces comprising means supporting the workpiece to reciprocate at apredetermined speed in the machine,

means adjustably supporting a tool in the path of movement of a workpiece supported on said first named means, means providing yielding movement between the tool and workpiece in the movement thereof toward and from each other, means providing lateral tilting movement of the tool in compensating for the reciprocating movement of said workpiece, and a common means for rotating the tool and workpiece in opposite directions to each other at the same speed.

20. In a diamond drilling machine, a workpiece supporting part, a tool supporting element, means for rotating said part and element at one predetermined speed in opposite directions to each other While providing yielding movement between said part and element, and means swinging said part through a predetermined adjustable arc and at predetermined speed.

AARON SIMON-5. 

